Physics Class 10 Practical 27 Important Viva Questions with Answers (To set up microscope and telescope)

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Viva Questions and Answers

Microscope

  1. What is a microscope?

    • A microscope is an optical instrument used to magnify small objects that are not visible to the naked eye.

  2. What are the main parts of a compound microscope?

    • The main parts are the eyepiece lens, objective lens, stage, coarse and fine adjustment knobs, light source, and diaphragm.

  3. How do you set up a microscope?

    • Place the microscope on a stable surface, insert the eyepiece, select the objective lens, place the specimen on the stage, and adjust the light source. Focus the image using the coarse and fine adjustment knobs.

  4. What is the function of the objective lens?

    • The objective lens gathers light from the specimen and magnifies the image.

  5. What is the role of the eyepiece lens?

    • The eyepiece lens further magnifies the image formed by the objective lens for viewing.

  6. How do you calculate the total magnification of a microscope?

    • Total magnification is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece lens by the magnification of the objective lens.

  7. What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a microscope?

    • The diaphragm controls the amount of light that reaches the specimen, enhancing image contrast and resolution.

  8. Why is it important to start with the lowest magnification objective lens?

    • It is easier to locate the specimen and focus the image at low magnification. Once focused, higher magnifications can be used.

  9. How do you properly clean the lenses of a microscope?

    • Use lens paper or a soft, lint-free cloth. Avoid using fingers or rough materials to prevent scratching.

  10. What precautions should be taken while using a microscope?

    • Handle with care, clean lenses properly, start with low magnification, and avoid forcing knobs to prevent damage.

Telescope

  1. What is a telescope?

    • A telescope is an optical instrument used to view distant objects by collecting and focusing light.

  2. What are the main types of telescopes?

    • The main types are refracting telescopes (using lenses) and reflecting telescopes (using mirrors).

  3. What are the primary components of a refracting telescope?

    • The primary components are the objective lens, eyepiece lens, and tube.

  4. How do you set up a refracting telescope?

    • Place the telescope on a stable tripod, align the tube with the object, insert the eyepiece, and focus using the adjustment knobs.

  5. What is the function of the objective lens in a telescope?

    • The objective lens collects light from a distant object and focuses it to form an image.

  6. How do you calculate the magnification of a telescope?

    • Magnification is calculated by dividing the focal length of the objective lens by the focal length of the eyepiece lens.

  7. What is the purpose of the finder scope on a telescope?

    • The finder scope helps in locating and aligning the telescope with the object before viewing through the main eyepiece.

  8. Why is it important to align the finder scope with the main telescope?

    • Proper alignment ensures that objects located in the finder scope are also centered in the main telescope's field of view.

  9. How do you focus a telescope?

    • Adjust the focusing knob to bring the object into a sharp image. Fine adjustments may be necessary depending on the object's distance.

  10. What precautions should be taken while using a telescope?

    • Ensure the telescope is securely mounted, handle with care, avoid direct viewing of the sun, and clean lenses with proper materials.